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 Presenting the development and design of hand, belt, steam, hydraulicand electric elevators, Jallings' Elevators served as a popular referenceduring the early 20th century. Starting with the fundamental principlesof elevator technology, the book describes in substantial detail mechanical equipment, as well as cars and car frames, guide rails and hoistropes.
The graphics of the Limited Edition, originally published in Great Britainin 1918, clearly indicate the turn-of-the-century equipment, along withthe similarities existing between early designs and those still being offeredand operating in today's marketplace.Table of Contents
Hand power elevators................1
Historical development................1
Sling type................1
Development and principles of the modern hand type................6
Introduction of antifriction roller bearings................9
Introduction of wire ropes................13
Counterpoise weights................16
Importance of fundamental principles................22
Special types................23
Basement elevator................27
Dumb-waiter................32
Belt-power elevators................38
Spur-geared machines................38
Worm-geared machines................43
Prime movers................47
Safety devices................50
Belts and belt shippers................51
Worm and gear................55
Period of development................55
Correct thread angle................56
Modern worm and gear................59
End-thrust blocks................63
Steam elevators................69
Historical development................69
Economy in power no desideratum................69
Retention of gear transmission................69
Automatic steam valve developed................72
Type of enginves................78
Vertical cylinder................78
Direct connected................78
Introduction of pilot valve................80
Hydraulic elevators................81
Early forms................81
American improvements................84
Development of later low-pressure types................90
Efforts to obtain economy of water................95
Pull machines................102
Push machine................105
Auxiliary devices................107
Limit valves................108
Compression tanks................116
Pilot valves................118
Operating-lever device................121
High-pressure hydraulic types................128
Reverse-plunger types................137
Development of auxiliary apparatus................139
Direct-plunger hydraulic types................144
Counterpoise weight................151
Plunger stays................154
Back-pressure system................159
Electric Elevators................163
Early types................163
Motor design................166
Modern types................169
Control................171
Types of controllers................172
Alternating-current controller................175
Push-button control................184
Transmission................195
Worm and wheel................200
Traction elevators................207
"Herringbone" spur-gear type................214
Equipment design and construction................219
Proportioning simple parts................219
Application of principles................219
Empirical design................220
Design of drum shafts................222
Drum shafts for two-belted machines................224
Drum shafts for belted electric elevators................225
Drum shafts for direct connected electric elevators................228
Transmission parts................230
Proportioning of gearing................230
Pitch of gear................231
Design of gear parts................235
Use of cst iron................238
Winding drums................239
Sheave pulleys................241
Sheave-pulley shafts................244
Sheave-pulley bearings................252
Wire cables................256
Cable fastenings................260
Supporting structure................265
Guideway construction................265
Wood guideposts................265
Wood guides................270
Steel guideway construction................273
Overhead beams................276
Overhead floor................280
Elevator cars................286
Platforms................288
Steel frames................293
Proportioning platform members................297
Platform contruction problem................299
Guards................304
Cage construction................307
Stiles................307
Crossbeams................310
Car lifting connections................313
Guide shoes................315
Counterpoising................317
Early forms of counterpoise weights................317
Modern counterpoise................320
Hydraulic parts................327
Cylinder................327
Feed valves................330
Cylinder heads................335
Piston rods................337
Miscellaneous considerations................340
Power requirements................343
Power for hand operated elevators................343
Power for belt driven elevators................344
Single-belt electric elevators................348
Hydraulic-elevator power requirements................350
Pressure of water column................355
Electric-elevator power requirements................360
Safety devices................366
Car safeties................366
Friction devices for high speeds................370
Cable safeties................375
Inclosures................378
Semi-automatic shaft gate................381
Car inclosures................387
Car signals................389
Electric elevator control................394
Cushioning devices................399
Conclusion................401
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